Electromagnetic waves at the VHF and UHF frequencies have some characteristics that greatly impact signal quality:
To begin with, they are easily reflected by metal objects and the interference that the OP described could well have been caused by intermittent reflection of the desired signal off of passing vehicles. The second reflected signal could arrive out-of-phase with the original signal and thus reduce the overall signal strength. This is not uncommon and military systems have to deal with it all the time, especially aboard ships where there is a lot of metal.
Signals at VHF and UHF frequencies are greatly influenced by the index of refraction of the air they pass through. The case where the football game signal is being received 150 miles away after passing over a lake is a classic illustration. The humidity and temperature over water can create a ducting effect that can bend that signal around the curvature of the earth and keep it at a higher that normal strength. Under normal (non-ducting) propagation, VHF and UHF signals travel in a straight line of sight and would go right off into space. This phenomena is fairly common over the Great Lakes.
I have seen equations that try to predict the range that a signal will travel over water and there were numerous factors: radiated power, transmitter antenna gain, receiver antenna gain, water temperature, time of day, humidity, antenna height above the water (sometimes lower is better), frequency, wind, and signal processing gain such as you get using a digital signal. Also a whole bunch of other stuff that I don't remember.
The difference between analog and digital signals is a matter of how they are processed. If you are watching an analog signal and it starts to fade, you are dealing with "graceful degradation." A digital signal is processed differently and the receiver has some ability to reconstruct the signal when it starts to get weak, ..... up to a point where it just gives up suddenly. There is no graceful degradation with a digital signal, you either have enough to process, or you don't.
I see a lot of ads for digital antennas and it is pure marketing. There is not difference between receiving a digital or an analog signal as long as your antenna covers that frequency range.
.... end of lecture LOL, and I threw out my notes on this subject two years ago.