China has repeatedly refused the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines. Their own vaccines are far less effective and protection wanes more rapidly. Also, they do even more poorly against the virus mutations, which are now the prevailing infectors.
The lockdowns have prevented herd immunity, since a majority would only get mild symptoms/illness and spread could be controlled by spacing distances and mask wearing. Each COVID mutation has become progressively more infectious as the virus adapts. mRNA vaccines offer better protection against future mutations than the traditional killed-virus vaccines offer.
"... In mid-2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) approved the 2 Chinese vaccines for emergency use, on the basis of limited clinical-trial data suggesting that CoronaVac was 51% and Sinopharm 79% effective at preventing symptomatic disease. This was on a par with the 63% efficacy reported for the University of Oxford–AstraZeneca’s viral-vector vaccine at the time of its WHO listing,
but lower than the 90% and higher efficacies of the mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna.
Both the Chinese vaccines are inactivated vaccines, which use killed SARS-CoV-2 virus. Researchers say this type of vaccine seems to be less potent because it triggers an immune response against many viral proteins. By contrast, mRNA and viral-vector vaccines target the response to the spike protein, which is what the virus uses to enter human cells.
“You don’t choose the target with inactivated vaccines, you just throw in all these different antigens,” explains Jorge Kalil, a physician and immunologist at the University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil.
About 2.4 billion doses of the Chinese vaccines have been administered in China, but almost 1 billion doses have gone to 110 other countries (see 'Biggest takers for China's vaccines'). Reports earlier this year of COVID-19 surges in several countries that had vaccinated many people with these vaccines — such as the Seychelles and Indonesia — prompted questions about the protection they offered.
Numerous studies have now been undertaken in nations including Brazil, Chile and Thailand, to understand waning immunity and protection in different groups. "
- nature.com:
China’s COVID vaccines have been crucial — now immunity is waning
The article goes on to say even second and third booster shots of China's CoronaVac offer poor protection for the elderly aged 80+, who make up the majority of deaths and ICU hospitalizations. China has the fastest-aging population in the world and a poor healthcare safety net.