Yes, there is always that possibility, but generally when someone submits a paper they have gone over it several times with their team and they tend to be very sure their conclusion is correct. The paper provides all of the details and data that back up their finding so that it can be reviewed by peers for their feedback so they can determine if the methodology was reasonable, the data seems correct and that the conclusion based on the previous two portions makes sense and seems correct.
Since the Corona virus is so new and studies have only been completed to the point of being able to be written up and published a lot of what we'll be hearing about will be non-peer reviewed papers.
The big difference between these non peer reviewed studies and the anecdotal reports the group of doctors presented is that they have not written up a paper with their methodology, data and conclusions. I haven't seen anything about their writing up their experiences in a way that can be peer reviewed which is the way studies need to be presented to be accepted by the rest of the scientific community.
