Not carried by a glacier because they were rounded, which indicates a river, not a glacier.
The striations tell that long ago they were made from particles that were deposited by a river in still water such as a lake bed or on the continental shelf. As more and more sediment was deposited above them they were consolidated into rock by the pressure, only to be later uplifted above sea level to repeat the process of erosion, deposition and consolidation.
Your uneducated guess is a good one. Seasonal changes do affect the sediment in the river. Also during settling larger and denser grains settle faster (sand grains settle faster than clay) which can result in sorting into different coloured layers.
Good looking rocks, by the way. A coat of lacquer and they will make excellent paper weights.