More research needed:
https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/black-and-white-thinking
Quote:
"Black and white thinking is the tendency to think in extremes:
I am a brilliant success, or
I am an utter failure.
My boyfriend is an ange
l, or
Heâs the devil incarnate.
This thought pattern, which the American Psychological Association also calls dichotomous or polarized thinking, is considered a cognitive distortion because it keeps us from seeing the world as it often is: complex, nuanced, and full of all the shades in between.
An all-or-nothing mindset doesnât allow us to find the middle ground. And letâs face it: Thereâs a reason most people donât live on Everest or in the Mariana Trench. Itâs hard to sustain life at those extremes.
Most of us engage in dichotomous thinking from time to time. In fact, some experts think this pattern may have its origins in human survival â our fight or flight response.
But if thinking in black and white becomes a habit, it can:
- hurt your physical and mental health
- sabotage your career
- cause disruption in your relationships
Break
"
It can keep you from learning
Iâm bad at math. Most math teachers hear this proclamation over and over during the school year.
Itâs the product of a
success or
failure mindset, which is a natural outgrowth of a grading system that defines failure (scores of 0â59) as over
half the grading scale.
Some courses even have a simple binary to measure learning: pass or fail. One or the other.
Itâs all too easy to fall into dichotomous thinking about your academic accomplishments."
and more here, quote:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/...s-black-white-thinking-in-yourself-and-others
"Polarized, black-and-white thinking is a big problem. It distorts our understanding of realities involving shades of gray, which most human realities are. Binary thinking produces misleading maps of a complicated, nuanced world.
When we face difficult situations, all-or-none thinking blinds us to the possibility of a middle ground, leaving us with only simple, extreme options that rarely work. This type of cognition results in maladaptive emotions and behaviors, an array of mental health diagnoses too numerous to mention, and in its milder and more common forms, all sorts of problems in living and relationships.
Everyone engages in black and white thinking sometimes, because it is quicker and easier than careful consideration of a spectrum of possibilities. Problems arise when we rely on it too much, especially in dealing with emotionally important situations, issues and relationships.
Persistent problems in a particular life area suggest that some kind of dichotomous thinking is going on below the surface, driving the ineffective functioning. This is especially true when extreme emotions and/or behaviors occur, because these are the hallmarks of polarized cognition."
Break
"For example, in responding to conflicts, passive behavior is usually ineffective, and so is its opposite aggressive, while the option in the middle assertive behavior, is most likely to be effective."
Break
"Of course, this paradigm doesnât apply to everythingâit applies to personality-related styles or ways of operating, as opposed to traits that are good by definition, like skills, talents, and capabilities. For example, the type of spectrum we are interested in would not have âsocially skilledâ at one end and âsocially awkwardâ at the other, but it might have âaloofâ at one pole and âclingyâ at the other, because these words describe opposite styles of interpersonal functioning, with âfriendlyâ in the middle."
Then there's a scale and a test to take on the website showing "social dimensions of functioning".