Today in History

On This Day In History, June 27th

1991 Yugoslav troops invade Slovenia
The attack, which marked the beginning of the Ten-Day War, followed Slovenia's declaration of independence. It was the first of the Yugoslav Wars, a number of ethnic conflicts leading to the break-up of Yugoslavia and resulting in at least 140,000 deaths.

1986 The 1980s U.S. intervention in Nicaragua is declared illegal
The International Court of Justice condemned the U.S. paramilitary campaign to overthrow the left-wing Nicaraguan government. The social democratic Sandinistas had begun to redistribute the country's wealth and improve education.

1972 Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney found Atari, Inc.
The pioneering video game and home computer company produced arcade classics like the two-dimensional tennis simulator Pong. Especially in the 1970s and 1980s, its products had a large impact on the electronic entertainment industry.

1956 The film Moby Dick is premiered
John Huston's adaptation of Herman Melville's homonymous novel, while not having been a great box office success, is today considered an outstanding work, especially for its use of light and color.

1954 The world's first nuclear power plant is activated
The reactor at Obninsk in present-day Russia remained in operation for 48 years. Today, there are some 400 atomic power plants worldwide. The technology remains controversial, especially due to the unsolved long-term storage of highly dangerous nuclear waste.
 

Births On This Day, June 27th 🎂

1985 Svetlana Kuznetsova
Russian tennis player

1969 Viktor Petrenko
Ukrainian figure skater

1886 Charlie Macartney
Australian cricketer

1869 Emma Goldman
Lithuanian/American activist, writer

1846 Charles Stewart Parnell
Irish politician, founder of the Irish Parliamentary Party

Deaths On This Day, June 27th 🪦

2001 Jack Lemmon
American actor, singer, director

1999 Georgios Papadopoulos
Greek colonel, politician, 169th Prime Minister of Greece

1844 Joseph Smith
American religious leader, founder, and leader of the Latter Day Saint movement

1839 Ranjit Singh
Indian founder of the Sikh Empire

1831 Sophie Germain
French mathematician, physicist, philosopher
 
27th June

1497 Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank were executed at Tyburn, London. In 1496, King Henry VII of England decided he would close Cornwall’s Stannary Parliament. The next year he collected taxes from people in Cornwall to pay for his war with Scotland. Together, Michael and Thomas led an army of thousands of Cornish people on a march to London to protest about the taxes. They believed they could change the king’s mind and have Cornwall’s Parliament opened again, but Henry would not allow it. People in London were terrified of the Cornish army, and the royal family hid in the Tower of London for safety.

1963 The US President John F Kennedy received a rapturous welcome on an emotional visit to his ancestral homeland in County Wexford, Ireland.

1971 England's first national Scrabble Championship was held in London. The winner was teacher Stephen Haskell.

2012 'The Belfast Handshake', the first historic encounter between the Queen and the former IRA commander, Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness, who went on to become Northern Ireland's deputy first minister. (Prince Philip's uncle, Lord Mountbatten, the Queen's second cousin, was assassinated by the IRA who blew up his fishing boat in County Sligo in 1979.)
 

On This Day In History, June 28th

1969 A police raid of a gay tavern sparks a series of violent clashes
The Stonewall Riots in New York City marked the beginning of the gay rights movement in the United States. The Christopher Street Day, a yearly observance for Gay Pride in some European countries, is named after the bar's location.

1967 Israel annexes East Jerusalem
From Israel's point of view, the annexation affected the reunification of its capital city. However, the international community declared it illegal and views East Jerusalem as Palestinian territory occupied by Israel.

1939 The world's first scheduled transatlantic flight takes off
The Boeing 314 Clipper flying boat was operated by Pan Am. It took about 24 hours to reach Marseille, France. The scheduled service was soon discontinued again because of the outbreak of World War II.

1914 Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie are assassinated
Gavrilo Princip's attack affected a crisis among Europe's major powers (July Crisis). This ultimately triggered the First World War, which with over 37 million deaths was one of the bloodiest wars of all time. Five years later to the day, the Treaty of Versailles formally ended the war.

1846 The saxophone is patented
Belgian musician Adolphe Sax developed the woodwind instrument typically made of brass, which in recent decades has heavily influenced the sound of the jazz, military band, rock, and pop musical genres.

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Births On This Day, June 28th 🎂

1940 Muhammad Yunus
Bangladeshi economist, Nobel Prize laureate

1926 Mel Brooks
American actor, director, producer, writer

1712 Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Swiss philosopher, polymath

1577 Peter Paul Rubens
Flemish painter

1491 Henry VIII of England

Deaths On This Day, June 28 🪦

2001 Mortimer J. Adler
American philosopher, author

1981 Terry Fox
Canadian athlete, activist

1975 Rod Serling
American screenwriter, producer, created The Twilight Zone

1962 Mickey Cochrane
American baseball player, manager

1836 James Madison
American politician, 4th President of the United States
 
28th June

1461 Edward IV was crowned King of England. He was the first Yorkist King and the first half of his rule was marred by the violence associated with the Wars of the Roses.

1838 Queen Victoria was crowned at Westminster Abbey in London. She was just 19 years old.

1919 Exactly five years to the day after Franz Ferdinand's death, Germany and the Allied Powers signed the Treaty of Versailles, officially marking the end of World War I. Although the armistice, signed on 11th November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty.

1960 45 men were killed in a gas explosion at a coal mine in Monmouthshire, Wales. Six teams of rescuers were quickly assembled after the alarm was raised, but their progress was hampered by roof falls triggered by the explosion and the large amount of gas still present in the mine. There were 700 people underground in the 70-year-old pit at the time of the blast.
 
On This Day In History, June 29th

2007 Apple released the first iPhone
The iPhone revolutionized the smartphone industry and for a while made Apple one of the world's most valuable companies.

1995 The Space Shuttle Atlantis docks with the Russian space station Mir
The rendezvous in space marked a new age of cooperation between the former Cold War adversaries. The docking created the largest man-made Earth satellite in history.

1990 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are banned to protect the ozone layer
The London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol stipulated that CFCs be phased out by 2000 in developed countries and by 2010 in developing countries. CFCs are one of the substances most harmful to the ozone layer, escalating the greenhouse effect and global warming.

1986 Richard Branson breaks the record for the fastest Atlantic crossing by boat
The British businessman took about three days to cross the ocean in his speedboat “Virgin Atlantic Challenger II”. He was denied the prestigious Blue Riband for the fastest crossing because he refueled on the way.

1927 Two U.S. aviators complete the first transpacific flight
Lester Maitland and Albert Hegenberger had taken off from Oakland Municipal Airport the previous day. Their “Bird of Paradise” aircraft touched down in Oahu, Hawaii 25 hours and 50 minutes later.
 


Births On This Day, June 29th 🎂

1978 Nicole Scherzinger
American singer, dancer, actress

1968 Theoren Fleury
Canadian ice hockey player

1936 Harmon Killebrew
American baseball player

1900 Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
French writer

1798 Giacomo Leopardi
Italian poet

Deaths On This Day, June 29th 🪦

2003 Katharine Hepburn
American actress, singer

1967 Jayne Mansfield
American model, actress, singer

1940 Paul Klee
Swiss/German painter

1933 Roscoe Arbuckle
American actor, director, screenwriter

1895 Thomas Henry Huxley
English biologist
 
29th June

1613 The original Globe theatre in London, where most of William Shakespeare’s plays debuted, was destroyed by fire during a performance of All is True (known to modern audiences as Henry VIII). The theatre burned down after a cannon was fired during a performance and set fire to the straw roof. The theatre rose again in June 1614, this time with a tiled roof. That theatre closed in 1642 and a modern reconstruction of the Globe opened in 1997, approximately 250 yards (230 m) from the site of the original theatre.

1871 The Trade Union Act was passed, giving trade unions legal status for the first time.

1905 The Automobile Association was set up by motorists angered by police harassment and to warn drivers of speed traps. As motoring became more popular, so did the AA. 100 members in 1905 grew to 83,000 by 1914.

1927 For the first time in 200 years, a total eclipse of the sun was seen in Britain. Those at Giggleswick in Yorkshire were able to see a perfect, full eclipse which lasted for less than 1/2 minute.

1966 Barclays Bank introduced the Barclaycard - the UK's first credit card.
 
On This Day In History June 30th

1972 The first leap second is added to UTC
Leap seconds are added to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) from time to time to account for the Earth's slowing rotation. UTC is the basis for the calculation of local times worldwide.

1971 The crew of the Soviet spacecraft “Soyuz 11” dies after the loss of air supply
The cause of the tragedy was a faulty valve. The three cosmonauts had previously achieved the first docking of a spacecraft to a space station in history.

1936 The novel “Gone with the Wind” is published
Margaret Mitchell's story set in the American South during the American Civil War became one of the United States' biggest best-sellers. The 1939 movie version starring Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable was similarly successful.

1908 The Tunguska event leaves 2000 square km of Siberian forest flattened and scorched
The devastation is believed to have been caused by the explosion of an asteroid or comet. It is the largest impact event in recorded history.

1905 Albert Einstein submits a paper outlining his theory of special relativity
The text “Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper” comprises the currently accepted theory about the relationship between space and time. The theory of special relativity is the basis for his theory of general relativity, which he published in 1916.
 
Births On This Day, June 30th 🎂

1985 Michael Phelps
American swimmer

1985 Cody Rhodes
American wrestler, actor

1983 Cheryl Cole
English singer-songwriter, dancer, model

1975 Ralf Schumacher
German race car driver

1966 Mike Tyson
American boxer, actor

Deaths On This Day, June 30th 🪦

2012 Yitzhak Shamir
Israeli politician, 7th Prime Minister of Israel

2001 Chet Atkins
American musician, songwriter, producer

1984 Lillian Hellman
American playwright

1974 Vannevar Bush
American engineer

1934 Kurt von Schleicher
German general, politician, 23rd Chancellor of Germany
 
30 June 1971
Three Soviet cosmonauts who had spent 23 days orbiting the earth began re-entry procedures and when they fired the explosive bolts to separate the Soyuz 11 , a critical valve was jerked open and the capsule was suddenly exposed to the nearly pressure less environment of space seconds later, the cosmonauts died.
 
30 June 1994
The U.S. Figure Skating Association (USFSA) stripped Tonya Harding of her her 1994 national Figure Skating championship title and banned her from the organization for life for an attack on rival Nancy Kerrigan.
The investigation by the USFSA decided Harding knew about the attack before it happened and displayed "a clear disregard for fairness, good sportsmanship and ethical behaviour.
 
June 30th:
1864
Pres Lincoln signs the Yosemite Grant Act which gave 200,000 acres to Calif and established America's 1st state controlled park
1936
Margaret Mitchell's book' Gone With the Wind' was published, the book sold over 1 million copies in its 1st 6 months. She was paid $50,000 for the movie rights,film version was released in 1939 starring Viven Leigh, Clark Gable
1962
future Hall of Fame pitcher, Sandy Koufax of Los Angeles Dodgers pitches a no hitter against NY Mets 5-0. This was the 1st of his 4 no hitter games
1982
federal Equal Rights Amendment fails by 3 states short of ratification
2022
NYC is named the world's wealthiest city,home to 59 billionaires, 345,600 millionaires Tokyo &San Francisco are #2,#3
 
30th June

1643 The Battle of Adwalton Moor in the English Civil War. The Royalists, under the Earl of Newcastle, defeated the Parliamentarians.

1704 John Quelch, aged 38 and an English pirate, was hanged for piracy in Boston. He was the first person to be tried for piracy outside England under Admiralty Law and thus without a jury.

1837 Punishment by pillory was finally abolished in Britain.

1937 The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, was introduced in London. 999 was chosen was because it could be dialled on the old rotary dial telephones by placing a finger against the dial stop and rotating the dial to the full extent three times, even in the dark or in dense smoke. This enabled all users, including the visually impaired, to easily dial the emergency number.

2012 Rufus, the hawk that patrolled Wimbledon's tennis courts to frighten away pigeons, was stolen from a car parked outside his owner's home. Three days later he was returned, to a national animal charity in London.
 
On This Day In History, July 1st

2002 The International Criminal Court (ICC) is established
It is the first international judicial body that has the power to try individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. It was created by the Rome Statute, an international treaty that was signed in the Italian city of Rome in 1998.

1991 The Warsaw Pact, a defense treaty between 8 communist countries, is formally disbanded in Prague
The pact was founded in 1955, during the height of the Cold War, as a way to counterbalance the power of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Western Europe.

1979 The Walkman makes its appearance in stores for the first time
The portable audio cassette player was made by Sony and went on sale in Japan.

1908 SOS is adopted as the International Distress Signal
The 2nd International Radiotelegraphic Convention, which was signed in December 1906, made the Morse code distress signal (· · · – – – · · ·), the standard international maritime distress signal. Even though it was replaced by the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System in 1999, SOS is universally seen as a distress call and is often mistakenly thought to be an abbreviation of Save Our Souls or Save Our Ship.

1903 The Tour de France Bicycle Race is flagged off for the first time
The now annual multi-leg bike race lasted for 20 days with a course that stretched about 1,500 miles. The race was first created by the sports daily, L'Auto, as a way to boost its circulation. The first Tour de France was won by Italian-French racer, Maurice Garin.
 
Births On This Day, July 1st 🎂

1971 Missy Elliott
American rapper, songwriter, producer, dancer, actress

1967 Pamela Anderson
Canadian/American model, actress, producer, author, activist

1961 Diana, Princess of Wales

1949 John Farnham
English/Australian singer-songwriter, musician

1934 Sydney Pollack
American director

Deaths On This Day, July 1st 🪦

2006 Fred Trueman
English cricketer

2004 Marlon Brando
American actor

1974 Juan Perón
Argentine military officer, politician, 29th President of Argentina

1964 Pierre Monteux
French conductor

1925 Erik Satie
French pianist, composer
 
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