Today in History

2nd July

1644 English Civil War: The Battle of Marston Moor at Long Marston, North Yorkshire. Marston Moor was the first victory of the war for the Parliamentary forces, with Cromwell's Roundhead Army defeating the Royalist Cavaliers, commanded by Prince Rupert.

1819 The first Factory Act was passed in Britain. This banned the employment of children younger than 9 from working in textile factories, whilst those under 16 were allowed to work for 'only' 12 hours a day!

1928 The Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act, widened suffrage by giving women electoral equality with men. It gave the vote to all women over 21 years old, regardless of property ownership.

1964 US President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Bill, granting equality regardless of race or religion.

2018 British divers, John Volanthen, (an IT consultant based in Bristol) and Rick Stanton, (a former Midlands fire fighter), discovered 12 young Thai footballers and their coach, after nine days trapped in caves in northern Thailand. More than 1,000 people were involved in the global operation. All 13 were rescued after 17 days underground.
 

On This Day In History, July 3rd

2013 Coup in Egypt
Egyptian defence minister Abdul Fatah al-Sisi staged a coup and forced out President Mohamed Morsi, just over a year after he was elected.

1988 Iran Air flight 655 is shot down by a US Navy ship
The USS Vincennes mistakenly shot down the aeroplane en route to Dubai, killing all 290 people aboard. The Vincennes, a guided missile cruiser, incorrectly identified the plane as a military aircraft. In 1996, the United States government made a cash settlement with Iran to close the case Iran had brought against the US in the International Court of Justice.

1962 Algeria gains its independence from France
After 132 years of French rule, Algeria's independence from France was finalized after the signing of the Évian Accords in the spa town of Évian-les-Bains. The accords ended a 7-year-long violent war of independence. Independence was finally achieved after July 1, 1962, referendum favored complete Algerian independence. Ahmed Ben Bella became the first President of the country.

1863 Battle of Gettysburg ends
The 3-day long battle during the American Civil War was fought between the Union and Confederacy in-and-around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Thought to be one of the bloodiest battles of the war – around 50,000 soldiers were lost on both sides – the Battle of Gettysburg marked a key turning point in the conflict. The decisive Union victory led to the retreat of Confederate soldiers from the north.

1844 The Great Auks go extinct
The last known pair of Great Auks, members of a species of flightless birds, were killed off the coast of Iceland at the request of a collector. It is believed that the extinction of these birds was caused by human activities and hunting due to the high demand for their feathers.
 
Births On This Day, July 3rd 🎂

1980 Harbhajan Singh
Indian cricketer

1971 Julian Assange
Australian journalist, publisher, activist, founder of WikiLeaks

1962 Tom Cruise
American actor, writer, director, producer

1949 Bo Xilai
Chinese politician

1883 Franz Kafka
Czech/German writer

Deaths On This Day, July 3rd 🪦

2012 Andy Griffith
American actor, singer, producer, screenwriter

1995 Pancho Gonzales
American tennis player

1971 Jim Morrison
American singer-songwriter, poet

1935 André Citroën
French engineer, businessman, founded Citroën

1904 Theodor Herzl
Austrian journalist, author
 

Tish said:
On This Day In History, July 3rd

2013 Coup in Egypt
Egyptian defence minister Abdul Fatah al-Sisi staged a coup and forced out President Mohamed Morsi, just over a year after he was elected.

1988 Iran Air flight 655 is shot down by a US Navy ship
The USS Vincennes mistakenly shot down the aeroplane en route to Dubai, killing all 290 people aboard. The Vincennes, a guided missile cruiser, incorrectly identified the plane as a military aircraft. In 1996, the United States government made a cash settlement with Iran to close the case Iran had brought against the US in the International Court of Justice.

1962 Algeria gains its independence from France
After 132 years of French rule, Algeria's independence from France was finalized after the signing of the Évian Accords in the spa town of Évian-les-Bains. The accords ended a 7-year-long violent war of independence. Independence was finally achieved after July 1, 1962, referendum favored complete Algerian independence. Ahmed Ben Bella became the first President of the country.

1863 Battle of Gettysburg ends
The 3-day long battle during the American Civil War was fought between the Union and Confederacy in-and-around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Thought to be one of the bloodiest battles of the war – around 50,000 soldiers were lost on both sides – the Battle of Gettysburg marked a key turning point in the conflict. The decisive Union victory led to the retreat of Confederate soldiers from the north.

1844 The Great Auks go extinct
The last known pair of Great Auks, members of a species of flightless birds, were killed off the coast of Iceland at the request of a collector. It is believed that the extinction of these birds was caused by human activities and hunting due to the high demand for their feathers.
Click to expand...

July 3rd!?

I keep forgetting, you are way ahead of us. :)
 
Since in the Australasia area it is already tomorrow, I thought I too might as well post my tomorrow’s post today. If you think that makes any sense, can you please explain it back to me.

July 3rd

987, Hugh Capet is crowned King of France:
The first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revolution in 1792.

1608, Québec City:
Is founded by Samuel de Champlain.

1754, French and Indian War:
George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces.

1767, Pitcairn Island. (later of Mutiny on the Bounty fame):
Is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.

1775, American Revolutionary War:
George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.

1778, American Revolutionary War:
Iroquois allied to Britain kill 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre.

1852, Congress establishes:
The United States' 2nd mint in San Francisco.

1886, Karl Benz:
Officially unveils the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first purpose-built automobile. The old saying springs to mind, "They don't make cars like they used to!"
Benz car.JPG

1890, Idaho:
Is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.

1938, World speed record for a steam locomotive:
Is set in England, by the Mallard, which reaches a speed of 125.88 miles per hour (202.58 km/h).
Mallard.JPG

1940, World War II. Operation Catapult. Battle of Oran. Mers El Kebir:
The Royal Navy attacks the French naval squadron in Algeria, to ensure that it will not fall under German control after the capitulation of France. Of the four French battleships present, one is sunk, two are damaged, and one escapes back to France; 2 Destroyers damaged. 1,297 French servicemen killed, 350 wounded. 2 British servicemen killed, 2 wounded.
Winston Churchill wrote, "This was the most hateful decision, the most unnatural and painful in which I have ever been concerned."

News footage of that terrible somber day:

1952, The ocean liner, SS United States:
She set sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton, during which she took the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary. I believe the SS United States has held the Blue Riband average speed record across the Atlantic ever since.
SS United States.JPG
 
On This Day In History, July 4th

2012 Discovery of Higgs boson particle is announced by scientists at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
The existence of the elusive elementary particle in physics, was suggested in the 1960s. The Higgs boson, which is named after Nobel laureate, Peter Higgs, was finally detected by scientists working at the Large Hadron Collider.

1966 Freedom of Information Act in the US is signed into law
The 36th President of the United States, Lyndon B. Johnson signed the law, which allows for the disclosure of government information to the public. It came into effect a year later in 1967.

1946 Philippines gains independence from the United States
The Southeast Asian country had been ruled for almost 381 years by various colonial powers, starting with the Spanish in the early 16th century.

1865 Alice in Wonderland is published for the first time
The classic fantasy novel was written by author Lewis Carroll, whose real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson. The book recounts the adventures of a curious girl, Alice, who falls into a rabbit hole and meets human-like animals and creatures.

1776 United States Declaration of Independence is adopted in Philadelphia
The statement declared the independence of the 13 British colonies from the British crown. It also announced the creation of a new country called the United States of America. Then handwritten declaration was approved by the Second Continental Congress and was signed by 56 delegates on August 2, 1776.
 
Births On This Day, July 4th 🎂

1973 Gackt
Japanese singer-songwriter, musician, producer, actor

1960 Barry Windham
American wrestler

1952 Álvaro Uribe
Colombian politician, 39th President of Colombia

1930 George Steinbrenner
American businessman

1872 Calvin Coolidge
American politician, 30th President of the United States


Deaths On This Day, July 4th 🪦

2011 Otto von Habsburg
Austrian/German son of Charles I of Austria

2008 Jesse Helms
American politician

1934 Marie Curie
Polish chemist, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1826 Thomas Jefferson
American politician, 3rd President of the United States

1551 Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell
 
1817
chief engineer, James Geddes begins construction of the Erie Canal in Rome, NY It was completed on Oct 26th, 1825 4 ft deep, 40 ft wide 365 miles long. Its considered one of the 1st great engineering works in North America
1826
Two former U. S Presidents, John Adams,age 90, Thomas Jefferson, age 83 die within hours of each other on the 50th anniv of Declaration of Independence
1934
Hungarian physicist, Leo Szilard patents chain reaction design for the atomic bomb
1954
meat& other food rationing officially ends in Britain 9 yrs after the end of WWII
1970
disc jockey, Casey Kasem's' America Top 40 debuts on 7 radio stations.He hosted the show from 1970-1988.In the 80's it was heard on 520 stations across U.S ,1,000 stations in 50 countries
2009
The Statue of Liberty Crown is reopened to the public after 8yrs, due to security reasons after the World Trade Tower attacks in 2001
 
On This Day In History, July 5th

1996 World's first live cloned mammal is born
Dolly the Sheep, a domestic ship was cloned using cells from an adult sheep by a team led by Ian Wilmut, and Keith Campbell at the Roslin Institute. While her birth was considered to be a success for cloning science, she did not live very long – scientists had predicted that she would live for about 12 years, but she died just a few months short of her 7th birthday.

1995 Armenian Constitution is adopted
A nationwide referendum led to the approval and adoption of Armenia's constitution. The country gained its independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

1975 Cape Verde gains independence from Portugal
The Island country had come under Portuguese colonial control in the late 15th century.

1973 Coup in Rwanda
Then Army Chief of Staff, Juvénal Habyarimana, staged a coup and overthrew the President, Grégoire Kayibanda. Habyarimana then held the post of president for 20 years.

1811 Venezuela declares independence from Spain
Under the leadership of Francisco de Miranda, Venezuela declared its independence from Spain. This started the Venezuelan War of Independence. The country gained independence 10 years later in 1821.
 
Births On This Day, July 5th 🎂

1983 Zheng Jie
Chinese tennis player

1975 Ai Sugiyama
Japanese tennis player

1911 Georges Pompidou
French politician, Prime Minister, and President of France

1853 Cecil Rhodes
English/South African businessman, politician, founded De Beers

1810 P. T. Barnum
American businessman, founded Ringling Bros., Barnum & Bailey Circus

Deaths On This Day, July 5th 🪦

2011 Cy Twombly
American/Italian painter, sculptor

2006 Kenneth Lay
American businessman

1945 John Curtin
Australian politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia

1826 Stamford Raffles
British statesman

1819 William Cornwallis
English Admiral
 
5th July

1610 John Guy, English merchant adventurer and politician, set sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists, bound for Newfoundland.

1687 Isaac Newton published his 'Principia', stating Newton's laws of motion, Newton's law of gravitation, and a derivation of Kepler's laws of the motion of the planets. The Principia is regarded as one of the most important works in the history of science.

1945 Churchill lost the General Election after leading Britain throughout World War II. Attlee’s Labour Party won 393 seats to the Tories’ 213.

1948 Britain's National Health Service came into operation when Aneurin Bevan, the health secretary, launched the NHS at Park Hospital in Davyhulme (today known as Trafford General Hospital). It was the climax of a hugely ambitious plan to bring good healthcare to all.

1954 The BBC broadcast its first daily television news programme.

2024 Labour won a resounding victory in the general election. Sir Keir Starmer is to be the new prime minister, ousting Rishi Sunak and the Conservatives. By 7:00 a.m. the Conservatives had lost a record 12 former cabinet ministers and all seats in Wales.
 
On This Day In History, July 8th

2011 Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched for the last time
It was also the last flight of NASA's 30-year-long and successful Space Shuttle program. STS-135, as this final mission was called, was the program's 135th flight.

1994 Kim Jong-il takes office as the Supreme Leader of North Korea
Popularly known as "Dear Leader" in his country, Kim Jong-il took North Korea's highest office after the death of his father, Kim Il-sung. He ruled the country with an iron fist until his death in 2011, when his son, Kim Jong-un took his place. Kim Jong-il's tenure was marred by widespread human rights violations and severe famine in the country.

1889 Wall Street Journal published for the first time
Three financial reporters named Charles Dow, Edward Jones, and Charles Bergstresser created The Wall Street Journal to supersede a previous periodical called the Customers' Afternoon Letter.

1777 Vermont abolishes slavery
Vermont adopted its constitution that abolished slavery, becoming the first region in the now United States to abolish slavery. The constitution was adopted after Vermont declared independence from the British Empire.

1497 Vasco da Gama sets off on a voyage to India from Lisbon with 4 ships
A year later, he reached the city of Calicut in southern India and became the first European to set foot in India by way of the sea.
 

Births On This Day, July 8th 🎂

1908 Nelson Rockefeller
American politician, 41st Vice President of the United States

1907 George W. Romney
American businessman, politician

1839 John D. Rockefeller
American businessman, philanthropist, founded the Standard Oil Company

1838 Ferdinand von Zeppelin
German general, businessman

1836 Joseph Chamberlain
British politician

Deaths On This Day, July 8th 🪦

2011 Betty Ford
American wife of Gerald R. Ford, 40th First Lady of the United States

1973 Wilfred Rhodes
English cricketer

1967 Vivien Leigh
English actress

1822 Percy Bysshe Shelley
English poet

1695 Christiaan Huygens
Dutch mathematician, astronomer, physicist
 
On This Day In History, July 9th

2011 South Sudan becomes the youngest country in the world
The North East African country, formally known as the Republic of South Sudan peacefully seceded from Sudan after an independence referendum was passed. Since independence, however, the country has been wrecked with widespread ethnic violence and human rights violations.

1981 Donkey Kong is released by Nintendo
Nintendo's famous character Mario debuted as Jumpman in this popular arcade game.

1962 Andy Warhol's iconic Campbell's Soup Cans make their debut
The Soup Cans were first displayed at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles, California, and were instrumental in popularizing Pop Art in the United States.

1958 Lituya Bay megatsunami
A megatsunami, a tsunami whose waves are higher than a normal tsunami, hit Lituya Bay in Alaska, United States, resulting in a wave that was recorded to be 1,720 feet or 516 meters high. This is the highest wave recorded in history.

1877 The first Wimbledon Championship is held
The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in London hosted the first Wimbledon championship, which was not only the first tennis championship held in England but was also a precursor to grand slam tournaments. 22 men competed in the championship and Spencer Gore became the first person to win the Wimbledon tournament.
 
Births On This Day, July 9th 🎂

1959 Kevin Nash
American wrestler, actor

1950 Viktor Yanukovych
Ukrainian politician, 4th President of Ukraine

1947 O. J. Simpson
American football player, actor, author

1932 Donald Rumsfeld
American politician, 13th & 21st United States Secretary of Defense

1858 Franz Boas
German anthropologist

Deaths On This Day, July 9th 🪦

1967 Fatima Jinnah
Pakistani dentist, stateswoman, Leader of the Opposition

1850 Báb
Persian founder of Bábism

1850 Zachary Taylor
American general, politician, 12th President of the United States

1797 Edmund Burke
Irish politician, philosopher

1737 Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
 
9th July

1811 Explorer David Thompson posted a sign at the confluence of the Columbia and Snake Rivers (in modern Washington state, America), claiming the land for Britain.

1900 The bill bringing into existence the Commonwealth of Australia (on 1 January 1901) received royal assent.

1917 The loss, at Scapa Flow, of the British battleship Vanguard. It was one of the most tragic accidents in the history of the Royal Navy and was caused by an internal explosion of cordite. All but two of the 845 men on board at the time were killed. The bodies that could be recovered now lie in Lyness Royal Naval Cemetery, Hoy and the wreck itself is afforded statutory protection as a designated war grave under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986.

1947 Princess Elizabeth (the Queen) and Philip Mountbatten announced their engagement.

1982 Queen Elizabeth II woke to find an intruder (Michael Fagan) sitting at the end of her bed, raising further concerns about poor Palace security.
 
On This Day In History, July 10th

1985 Greenpeace ship, Rainbow Warrior, sinks
The ship was in the harbour in New Zealand when it was bombed and sunk, killing Fernando Pereira, a photographer who was aboard the ship. It was found out later that French government operatives were responsible for the incident.

1967 New Zealand adopts new currency
The New Zealand pound was replaced by the New Zealand dollar. The denominations of the new currency followed a decimal system.

1962 Telstar, the world's first communication satellite is launched in space
The satellite, made by a collaboration between organizations in the U.S., the U.K., and France, transmitted the first live television images in the world.

1940 Battle of Britain
The German air force or Luftwaffe launched an air campaign against England. It was one of the first battles during the Second World War fought entirely between air forces and it ended a few months later with a British victory.

1913 Death Valley, U.S experiences the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth
Measurements showed that the temperature had reached a whopping 134°F or 57°C!
 
Births On This Day, July 10th 🎂

1980 Jessica Simpson
American singer-songwriter, actress, fashion designer

1949 Sunil Gavaskar
Indian cricketer

1871 Marcel Proust
French writer

1856 Nikola Tesla
Serbian/American physicist, engineer

1509 John Calvin
French theologian, pastor


Deaths On This Day, July 10th 🪦

2015 Omar Sharif
Egyptian actor

1920 John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher
Sri Lankan/English Admiral

1584 William the Silent
German son of William I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg

649 Emperor Taizong of Tang

138 Hadrian
Roman Emperor
 
1040
according to legend, Lady Godiva rode nude on horseback through Coventry.This forced her husband, Earl of Mercia to lower taxes
1913
the world's official highest temperature was recorded at Furnance Creek Ranch in Death Valley,Calif, 134 F{56.7 C}
1925
Russia's official news agency, TASS was formed
1962
Telstar,1st active communication satellite which was developed by American Telephone&Telegraph Co{AT&T} was launched. It failed in Nov '62 due to exposure to radiation from U.S nuclear test. It remains in the Earth's orbit
1979
rock n roll singer/ songwriter, Chuck Berry begins his 4 months prison term for $200,000 tax evasion
2012
American Episcopal Church becomes the 1st to approve a rite for blessing gay marriages
2023
acc to a study published in 'Nature Medicine',the world isn't doing enough to counter increasing heat waves. In 2022, 61,000 people died in European heatwaves
 
On This Day In History, July 11th

2010 FIFA World Cup Final is held in Johannesburg, South Africa
The Netherlands and Spain fought out for the prestigious football trophy. Spain won the match 1-0 and the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

2006 Mumbai train bombings
Over 200 people were killed and about 700 people were injured in a series of bombings on Mumbai city trains.

1960 To Kill a Mockingbird is first published as Atticus
Harper Lee's classic and Pulitzer Prize-winning book is about racial inequality during the Great Depression.

1914 Major League Baseball debut of Babe Ruth
George Herman "Babe" Ruth, Jr., one of the world's most well-known professional baseball players started his major league baseball career with the Boston Red Sox.

1804 A duel between two leading American politicians claims the life of one
United States Vice President Aaron Burr and former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton ended a life-long feud with a duel. Hamilton was fatally wounded and died the next day.
 
Births On This Day, July 11th 🎂

1986 Yoann Gourcuff
French footballer

1975 Lil' Kim
American rapper, actress

1916 Gough Whitlam
Australian politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia

1767 John Quincy Adams
American politician, 6th President of the United States

1274 Robert the Bruce
Scottish king

Deaths On This Day, July 11th 🪦

2010 Bob Sheppard
American sportscaster

2007 Lady Bird Johnson
American wife of Lyndon B. Johnson, 38th First Lady of the United States

1998 Panagiotis Kondylis
Greek writer, translator

1989 Laurence Olivier
English actor, director, producer

472 Anthemius
Roman Emperor
 
1798
U. S. Marine Corp is established as a military branch by Act of Congress, Pres John Adams signs it
1934
Franklin Roosevelt became the 1st U. S. President to travel through the Panama Canal
1960
author, Harper Lee's book' To Kill a Mockingbird' is published,it sold 500,00 copies in its 1st yr. She won the Pulitizer Prize for fiction. The movie version was released in Dec 1962, starring Gregory Peck as ' Atticus Finch', he won Best Actor Oscar for his performance, was movie debut of actor Robert Duvall who played' Bo Radley'
The book continues to sell between 750,000-1 million copies
1969
singer/ songwriter, David Bowie's single 'Space Oddity' is released ,9 days before Apollo 11 lands on the moon
2019
last Volkswagen's Beetle car is produced in Pueblo, Mexico,ending worldwide production after 80 yrs
 
On This Day In History, July 12th

1984 Walter F. Mondale Names Geraldine A. Ferraro as Running Mate in Presidential Elections
New York Congressperson, Geraldine A. Ferraro, became the first woman to run for office on a major party ticket in the United States.

1975 São Tomé and Príncipe gains independence from Portuguese rule
The island nation was discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century. For over 200 years, its economy was run by African slaves who cultivated sugar, coffee, and cocoa. Manuel Pinto da Costa became the first president of the newly independent country.

1967 Race riots break out in Newark, New Jersey, killing 26 people and injuring several others
The violence began when two white policemen arrested a black cab driver.

1962 First performance of the Rolling Stones
The British rock band performed for the first time as a group at the Marquee Club in London.

1920 Moscow Peace Treaty is signed
Also known as the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty, the treaty was signed between Lithuania and the Soviet Union. It recognized Lithuanian sovereignty in exchange for its neutrality and for safe passage for Russian troops to Poland.
 

Births On This Day, July 12th 🎂

1997 Malala Yousafzai
Pakistani activist

1937 Bill Cosby
American comedian, actor, producer, author

1904 Pablo Neruda
Chilean poet, Nobel Prize laureate

1884 Amedeo Modigliani
Italian painter, sculptor

1817 Henry David Thoreau
American writer, philosopher

Deaths On This Day, July 12th 🪦

2013 Amar Bose
American sound engineer, entrepreneur

2010 Harvey Pekar
American author

1926 Gertrude Bell
British government administrator, writer, spy, archaeologist

1804 Alexander Hamilton
Nevisian/American economist, politician, philosopher, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury

1536 Desiderius Erasmus
Dutch theologian, priest
 

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