9th January
1799 Income tax was introduced into Britain by William Pitt the Younger, to raise funds for the Napoleonic War. The rate was two shillings in the pound.
1806 Lord Nelson, naval commander and hero of the Battle of Trafalgar, was buried beneath the dome of St Paul's cathedral, in London, after a grand and solemn procession along the river to Whitehall and thence to the City.
1816 Sir Humphry Davy tested his Davy safety lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery.
1909 Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, planted the British flag 112 miles from the South Pole, the furthest anyone had ever reached at that time.
1957 Sir Anthony Eden resigned as prime minister of Britain due to ill health.
1997 The lone yachtsman, Tony Bullimore, feared drowned after his boat capsized in the Southern Ocean five days ago, was been found safe and well. Mr Bullimore survived on "a little chocolate, water and sheer determination" crouched in the upturned hull of his yacht.