Today in History



Births on 19th October 🎂

1962 – Evander Holyfield
American boxer

1958 – Michael Steele
American politician, 7th Lieutenant Governor of Maryland

1946 – Philip Pullman
English author

1945 – John Lithgow
American actor

1944 – Peter Tosh
Jamaican singer-songwriter, guitarist

Deaths on 19th October 🪦

1893 – Lucy Stone
American activist

1813 – Józef Poniatowski
Polish general

1745 – Jonathan Swift
Irish author

1682 – Thomas Browne
English author

1216 – John, King of England
King of England, also known as John Lackland, villain of Robin Hood folklore
 

October 19th1216 King John died of dysentery at Newark-on-Trent , during a Civil War which was the result of his refusal to recognize the Magna Carta signed the previous year. He was known as John Lackland for losing so much territory to France and was succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.



1649 New Ross town, in County Wexford, Ireland, surrendered to Oliver Cromwell during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.


1688 The birth of William Cheselden who was influential in establishing surgery as a scientific medical



1781 The American War of Independence came to an end when British commander Lord Cornwallis surrendered his 8,000 troops to George Washington at Yorktown, in Virginia, after a three week siege.



1973 – David Bowie released his seventh studio album ‘Pin Ups’ which is a compilation of cover songs by music acts such as Pink Floyd , The Kings, The Who, The Yardbirds, Pretty Things, The Easybeats, and The Merseys. It peaked at No.1 in the UK.
 
1901
composer Edward Elgar's 'Pomp&Circumstances March' debuts in Liverpool, England
1933
Berlin Olympic Committee votes to introduce basketball in 1936
1943
Streptomycin,1st antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis is isolated by researchers at Rutgers Univ in New Jersey
1983
U.S. Senate establishes Martin Luther, King Jr Day as a federal holiday on the 3rd Mon in Jan
1990
movie' Dances With Wolves' based on Michael Blake's novel is released directed & stars actor Kevin Costner. He plays a young Civil War soldier,John Dunbar who befriends a Sioux Indian tribe soon becomes one of them. Other actors in the cast Mary McDonnell, Graham Greene, Rodney A. Grant, Tattoo Cardinal,Wes Studi. The movie won 7 Oscars inc pic, director{Costner's debut}, screenplay, original score by John Barry
2020
a Ming handscroll painting'Ten Views of Lingbi Rock' by Wu Bin sells for $77 mil{512.9 yuan} at Beijing auction.It sets a new world record for a classical Chinese work
 

Oct 20th:
1917
Alice Paul, a U.S. suffragist begins her 7 month jail sentence for peacefully protesting for women's rights in front of the White House, in Washington,DC
1944
U.S. General Douglas MacArthur returns with U.S. forces in the Phillipines on Leyte Island
1955
Calypso singer,Harry Belafonte records his signature song' Day-O'{the Banana Boat song} in NYC.It would hit # 5 on Billboard music charts The song is heard in a funny scene in movie' Beetlejuice'
1973
Queen Elizabeth II opens the Sydney Opera House which took 14 yrs to complete
1998
comedian, Richard Pryor receives the 1st Kennedy Center Mark Twain prize for American humor
2022
UK Prime Minister, Liz Truss announces her plans to resign after 44 days in office, the shortest term in the country's history
 
On This Day In History, October 21st

2014 – Oscar Pistorius Convicted for 5 Years
The South African Paralympic Champion was on trial for the murder of his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp. He was sentenced to a maximum of five years for culpable homicide. He was released on parole for good behavior in October 2015. However, in December 2015, South Africa's Supreme Court of Appeal upgraded the charges to murder and found him guilty of murder.

1983 – The 17th General Conference on Weights and Measures Ends
The conference passed a resolution defining a meter as the distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of about three hundred millionth of a second. Before this, the meter or metre was assigned several different definitions. In 1793, it was defined as one ten-millionth of the distance between the Earth's Equator and the North Pole. In 1960, it was once again redefined by the 11th General Conference of Weights and Measures as equal to “1650763,73 wavelengths in vacuum of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the levels 2p10 and 5d5 of the krypton 86 atom.”

1969 – Coup in Somalia
Siad Barre staged a military coup against the government the day after the death of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, the then president of Somalia.

1959 – The Guggenheim Opens its Doors
The Guggenheim Museum displays works from some of the world’s most celebrated and sought-after contemporary artists. Situated in the Manhattan area of New York, the museum was first opened in 1939 as the Museum of Non-Objective Painting. It was then named the Guggenheim Museum in 1952, after the death of the founder of the foundation that runs it, Solomon R. Guggenheim. The current museum building was designed by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright and was opened to public on this day.

1943 – Provisional Government of Free India Declared by Subhas Chandra Bose
Bose, an exiled Indian nationalist and a key figure in the Indian Independence Movement declared the creation of Azad Hind or Free India during a mass rally in Singapore. Netaji (leader), as he was fondly called by his followers, was unanimously declared as the Head of State, Prime Minister, and Minister for War of the new government. The government-in-exile did not have any territory to govern until Japan gave them the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, occupied by the Japanese in 1942, to run. A few days later after declaring the existence of Azad Hind, the provisional government joined the Second World War by declaring war on the Allies.
 
Births on 21st October 🎂

1986 – Natalee Holloway
American missing person

1980 – Kim Kardashian
American model, actress

1956 – Carrie Fisher
American actress, screenwriter, author

1949 – Benjamin Netanyahu
Israeli politician, 9th Prime Minister of Israel

1772 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge
English poet, philosopher

Deaths on 21st October 🪦

2014 – Gough Whitlam
Australian politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia

2012 – George McGovern
American politician, historian, author

2003 – Elliott Smith
American singer-songwriter, guitarist

1969 – Jack Kerouac
American author, poet

1805 – Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson
English Admiral
 
Being Welsh……..we shall never forget


October 21, 1966

Aberfan disaster, mining accident that occurred at the Merthyr Vale Colliery at Abefan , on October 21, 1966. The disaster resulted in 144 deaths, including 116 children.Coal was long the life-blood of industry in South Wales, with whole communities dependant on the top-quality steam ( bituminous ) coal found beneath the valleys and hills. One such community was Aberfan, a village close to Merthyr Tydfil, about 20 miles northwest of Cardiff , in the historic county of Glamorgan Opened in 1875, Aberfan’s Merthyr Vale Colliery became the biggest pit in the South Wales Coalfield, generating huge quantities of waste.For half a century this waste was dumped in spoil tips on the flanks of Merthyr Mountain, directly above Aberfan. The underlying geology of this area consisted of sandstone riddled with underground springs.


One Friday morning in October 1966, subsidence occurred in Tip Number Seven after heavy rain, prcipitating a slide of liquefied debris that flowed swiftly down the mountainside towards the village below, reaching a depth of 12 m (40 ft) and a reported speed of more than 130 km (80 mi) per hour. It hit Aberfan and smashed into the Pantglas Junior School, which stood immediately below the spoil tip, minutes after the pupils had assembled.



Many in Aberfan heard the ominous rumble, but the mist meant nothing could be seen. Before evasive action could be taken, the school was engulfed. Villagers raced to the scene and started digging with their hands, soon joined by rescue personnel, but few children were pulled alive from the slurry . When the final death toll was known, 116 youngsters had perished, along with five teachers. There were additional casualties in the village.National Coal Board Chairman Lord Robens suggested that the disaster could not have been predicted—despite the fact that safety concerns had frequently been raised—and it took a lengthy public enquiry to apportion blame to the Coal Board.




Controversially, the board appropriated money from the disaster fund—subscribed by the public for victims and their families—to help pay for clearance of remaining tips. The Merthyr Vale Colliery was closed in 1989.Queen Elizabeth 2nd visited the site eight days after the disaster, a delay that occasioned crticism and for which she later expressed regret. She visited Aberfan three more times over the years, the last in 2012 .

. A section of the Merthyr Tydfil Memorial Garden commentates the victims today
IMG_1466.jpeg
 
Furryanimal said:
Being Welsh……..we shall never forget


October 21, 1966

Aberfan disaster, mining accident that occurred at the Merthyr Vale Colliery at Abefan , on October 21, 1966. The disaster resulted in 144 deaths, including 116 children.Coal was long the life-blood of industry in South Wales, with whole communities dependant on the top-quality steam ( bituminous ) coal found beneath the valleys and hills. One such community was Aberfan, a village close to Merthyr Tydfil, about 20 miles northwest of Cardiff , in the historic county of Glamorgan Opened in 1875, Aberfan’s Merthyr Vale Colliery became the biggest pit in the South Wales Coalfield, generating huge quantities of waste.For half a century this waste was dumped in spoil tips on the flanks of Merthyr Mountain, directly above Aberfan. The underlying geology of this area consisted of sandstone riddled with underground springs.


One Friday morning in October 1966, subsidence occurred in Tip Number Seven after heavy rain, prcipitating a slide of liquefied debris that flowed swiftly down the mountainside towards the village below, reaching a depth of 12 m (40 ft) and a reported speed of more than 130 km (80 mi) per hour. It hit Aberfan and smashed into the Pantglas Junior School, which stood immediately below the spoil tip, minutes after the pupils had assembled.



Many in Aberfan heard the ominous rumble, but the mist meant nothing could be seen. Before evasive action could be taken, the school was engulfed. Villagers raced to the scene and started digging with their hands, soon joined by rescue personnel, but few children were pulled alive from the slurry . When the final death toll was known, 116 youngsters had perished, along with five teachers. There were additional casualties in the village.National Coal Board Chairman Lord Robens suggested that the disaster could not have been predicted—despite the fact that safety concerns had frequently been raised—and it took a lengthy public enquiry to apportion blame to the Coal Board.




Controversially, the board appropriated money from the disaster fund—subscribed by the public for victims and their families—to help pay for clearance of remaining tips. The Merthyr Vale Colliery was closed in 1989.Queen Elizabeth 2nd visited the site eight days after the disaster, a delay that occasioned crticism and for which she later expressed regret. She visited Aberfan three more times over the years, the last in 2012 .

. A section of the Merthyr Tydfil Memorial Garden commentates the victims today
View attachment 459523
Click to expand...
That was so tragic, so many young ones dead.
Heartbreaking.
 
On This Day In History, October 22nd

1936 – End of the Long March in China
The Long March, a 6000-mile journey made by members of the Red Army led by Mao Zedong came to an end. The March was undertaken as a way to escape the Nationalist army of Chiang Kai-shek. The end of the March is also known in China as the “union of the three armies”.

1884 – International Meridian Conference adopts Greenwich, England, as the initial longitudinal meridian
26 countries participated in the conference, which was held in Washington, D.C. In addition to making the meridian passing through the Observatory of Greenwich as the initial meridian for longitude or 0 degree longitude, the conference also defined a universal day which would “begin for all the world at the moment of mean midnight at the initial meridian, coinciding with the beginning of the civil day and date of that meridian; and is to be counted from zero up to twenty-four hours”.

1879 – Thomas Edison Successfully Tests An Incandescent Light Bulb
After about a year of research on creating a working incandescent lamp, Edison was finally able to run a lamp continuously for over 13 hours. The lamp used a carbon filament, for which he was granted a patent in 1880.

1797 – First Person to Jump With a Parachute
French balloonist André-Jacques Garnerin jumped out of a balloon over Parc Monceau in Paris using a silk parachute that he made himself.
 
Births on 22nd October 🎂

1973 – Ichiro Suzuki
Japanese baseball player

1949 – Arsène Wenger
French footballer, manager

1870 – Ivan Bunin
Russian author, poet, and Nobel Prize laureate

1844 – Louis Riel
Canadian politician

1811 – Franz Liszt
Hungarian pianist, composer

Deaths on 22nd October 🪦

2002 – Richard Helms
American diplomat, 8th Director of Central Intelligence

1995 – Kingsley Amis
English author, poet, critic

1954 – Jibanananda Das
Bengali poet

1906 – Paul Cézanne
French painter

741 – Charles Martel
Frankish military leader, politician
 
October 22nd1877 An explosion at the Blantyre mine in Scotland killed 207 miners the youngest aged 11. It remains Scotland’s worst mining accident.


1878 The first floodlit rugby match took place, between Broughton and Swinton, at Broughton, Lancashire.


1910 American born Doctor Hawley Crippen was convicted at the Old Bailey Central Criminal Court in London of poisoning his wife Cora. Crippen was hanged on November 23rd at Pentonville prison.



1930 The BBC Symphony Orchestra played their first concert, conducted by Sir Adrian Boult at the Queen’s Hall, London.



1937 The Duke and Duchess of Windsor arrived in Berlin to meet German leader Adolf Hitler, to study housing conditions.



1964 - ClassicBands.com

October 22
The Who, then known as The High Numbers, audition for the British record label, EMI, who turned them down
 
22nd October

1707 Four British Royal Navy ships ran aground near the Isles of Scilly. Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell and more than 1,400 sailors drowned in one of the worst maritime disasters in the history of Britain. It was later determined that the main cause of the disaster was the navigators' inability to accurately calculate their positions.

1966 Double-agent broke out of jail. One of Britain's most notorious double-agents, George Blake, escaped from prison in London after a daring break-out believed to have been masterminded by the Soviet Union.

1974 A bomb exploded in Brooks Club, London, injuring three members of staff. The blast occurred in a rear dining area after most diners, including Conservative Party leader Edward Heath, had left, though he was dining nearby at the time. The bomb was likely thrown from outside by a passerby, although no group claimed responsibility

1983 The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) held its biggest ever protest against nuclear missiles in London with an estimated one million people taking part.

1990 The Royal Geographical Society unveiled evidence that the devastated region around the Aral Sea in Central Asia as the world's worst ecological disaster.
 
1907
Ringling Brothers "Greatest Show on Earth" buys Barnum&Bailey Circus
1954
West Germany joins North Atlantic Treaty Org{NATO}
1962
Pres. John F Kennedy gives live TV address talks about Soviet Missle bases in Cuba, imposes a blockade the beginning of Cuban Missle Crisis
1978
Karol Jozef Wojtyla is appointed Pope JOhn Paul II,1st non Italian Pope since the 16th century He reigned for 26 yrs until his death age 84 on April 2,2005
2008
Google PLay is launched,official app store for Android operating system
2009
Microsoft released Windows 7
 
On This Day In History, October 23rd

2002 – Dubrovka Theatre Hostage Crisis
About 50 Chechen rebels led by Movsar Barayev took over the Dubrovka Theater in Moscow during the performance of Nord-Ost, a musical. The rebels took about 850 hostages and demanded the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya. The siege lasted for about 3 days and ended after Russian security forces released a chemical gas in the theater. All of the rebels and about 170 hostages died during the siege.

2001 – Apple announces the first iPod Player
The iPod is the world's best-selling portable media player. Already 6 years after its initial launch, Apple announced that 100 million devices had been sold. The company has been criticized for its aggressive policies forcing users to use only original batteries and preventing them from freely sharing content with others.

1998 – Swatch Announces Internet Time
The Swiss watch company invented a new unit of time called the .beat, which corresponds to 1 minute and 26.4 seconds. Under the Internet Time system, a day is divided into 1000 .beats.

1983 – Beirut Barracks Bombing
Two bombs exploded in front of American and French barracks during the Lebanese Civil War, killing about 300 French and American military personnel. Islamic Jihad took responsibility for the bombings.

1964 – Jean-Paul Sartre Turns Down Nobel Prize
The French existentialist philosopher and writer published a letter in the newspaper Le Figaro to explain why he did not want to accept the Nobel Prize for Literature he had been awarded the day before on October 22. In his letter, he said he did not want to take sides in the East and West struggle of the Cold War, by accepting an award that was given out by Western institutions.
 
Births on the 23rd of October 🎂

1959 – "Weird Al" Yankovic
American singer-songwriter, comedian, actor

1957 – Paul Kagame
Rwandan politician, 6th President of Rwanda

1942 – Michael Crichton
American author, screenwriter, director, producer

1940 – Pelé
Brazilian footballer

1925 – Johnny Carson
American television host

Deaths on the 23rd of October 🪦

2000 – Yokozuna
American wrestler

1957 – Christian Dior
French fashion designer, founded S.A.

1950 – Al Jolson
Lithuanian/American singer, actor

1921 – John Boyd Dunlop
Scottish businessman, co-founded Dunlop Rubber

1915 – W. G. Grace
English cricketer
 
October 23rd1843 Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square was finally completed. It commemorates Admiral Nelson's victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Nelson was born at Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk.




1906 In Britain, women suffragettes, campaigning for the right to vote, held a demonstration at the House of Commons. Ten were arrested and sent to prison.





2012 The switchover to digital televison in the UK was complete when the analogue TV signal in Northern Ireland was turned off on Tuesday night at 23:30 BST. Simultaneously BBC Ceefax, the world's first teletext service, launched on 23rd September 1974 took its final bow with a series of graphics on Ceefax's front page.

nmsceefax.co.uk/#id=WyJubXMtY2VlZmF4Iiwi...2NlZWZheCJd:page=100

it works 😀
 
Last edited:
October 24th


Chronicon ex Chronicis. 24th October 1055. Earl Ralph, the cowardly son of king Edward's (age 52) sister, having assembled an army, fell in with the enemy two miles from the city of Hereford , on the ninth of the calends of November [24th October].



He ordered the English, contrary to their custom, to fight on horseback; but just as the engagement was about to commence, the earl, with his French and Normans, were the first to flee. The English seeing this, followed their leader's example, and nearly the whole of the enemy's army going in pursuit, four or five hundred of the fugitives were killed, and many were wounded.



Having gained the victory, king Griffyth and earl Algar entered Hereford and having slain seven of the canons who defended the doors of the principal church, and burnt the monastery built by bishop Athelstan, that true servant of Christ, with all its ornaments, and the relics of St. Ethelbert, king and martyr, and other saints, and having slain some of the citizens, and made many other captives, they returned laden with spoil.




1900 Winston Churchill Enters Parliament: On October 24, 1900, Winston Churchill, a British statesman and future Prime Minister, was elected to the House of Commons, marking his entry into British parliamentary politics. source: en.wikipedia.org




1903 Birth of Melvin Purvis, FBI agent: Melvin Horace Purvis Jr., known for his role as an FBI agent who led the capture of John Dillinger, was born on October 24, 1903, in Timmonsville, South Carolina. source: scencyclopedia.org



1904First New York City subway line opens: On October 24, 1904, the first New York City subway line opened, marking a significant milestone in urban transportation. The subway system revolutionized commuting in the city, providing a faster and more efficient means of travel for its residents.



2005After reuniting to play four shows in London at Royal Albert Hall in May, Cream play the first of three sell-out shows at Madison Square Garden in New York City
Y gath o Gymru класна кішка
 

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