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The US banking system is at least a decade behind Europe and highly deveped Asian countries.
I'm British, lived in the US for the past 5 years and now in Dubai, UAE.
First cheques. The UK has been cheque-less for over a decade, close to 15 years from memory. It's a slow antiquated way of processing payments. Yet in the US its still used by a lot of people and businesses. My father in law up until a year ago wrote checks every month for his utilities, his mortgage etc.
Payments in the UK & EU run through faster payments and SEPA which is lightyears ahead of Fedwire or ACH in the US. Payments in the UK and Europe have been near instantaneous for over a decade. Its only in the last year that some US banks have offered the service. Even then its only for a couple of grand, whereas in EU its near instantaneous in any amount.
Bank transfers are free in UK, and while I always got them for free in the US, its because my accounts were higher tier accounts where free wires was a perk. Still waiting 3 days in a lot of cases for a wire to be sent, processed, received and be available is ridiculous. It used to cost us money to send from my wife's primary account to mine, unless we used a check and waited 5 days. It was genuinely quicker to withdraw the cash, drive an hour and deposit the cash. That's how outdated the US system is.
Before we moved to the US, loads of retailers wouldn't accept my UK or other international cards, gas stations need a 5 digit zip code, whereas everywhere else in the world just uses a pin code, but in US, its zip codes just in case those pesky Americans forget their pin.
Plus loads of US retailers can't process non US cards over the phone or online. It's worse than South Africa, Thailand, Indonesia, China, Mozambique etc etc. In US you used to have to force foreign debit cards through as credit because the systems couldn't work with pin codes.
I went into a chase bank when I first got to US and I saw a sign where they were advertising how fast the payments could get to your account and it was…in just 3 days. I had to ask the staff if it was a joke, but they didn't understand, they couldn't believe we could send money instantaneously in Europe.
In the US, you never know what your true account balance is because everything is so delayed, in UK, its instant. Depending on your spending habits, you always need to leave a buffer because of the delays and good luck of you suddenly realize you need to transfer money. It can't be done.
Credit cards in US don't require pin codes because US financial institutions are concerned Americans won't remember them which will prevent them from spending. Debit cards have pins, but the banks want to keep that money so that's why they stick a pin code on the account.
As for bank security, it's laughable, it's literally a username and password. I was horrified at how easy it is to log in to online banking and then frustrated at how badly designed their systems and interfaces are.
I actually opened HSBC accounts and had the nearest branch an hour from my house so that I could get somewhat modern banking. Being based in London and having a huge presence throughout Asia, they have a lot of well developed systems that require your cell phone to generate a code before you can then use another password to login. Basically 2 Factor Authentication. However in UK you have a device that you have to put your card into, and that device has to be registered to you. It's way more secure than just a username and password.
In summary, payments are faster, easier and infrastructure is better than in the US.
Even recently when multiple US/International banks created their own method for faster payments now the fed wants to create their own so they can be the single point fo failure like a few days ago when the whole fed went down for a day and nobody could process wires. Happened end of last year too. In short the US banking system more closely represents that of a 3rd world country.