Here is what the State's official website says:
"This state was named by Dutch explorer Adrian Block. He named it "Roodt Eylandt" meaning "red island" in reference to the red clay that lined the shore. The name was later anglicized when the region came under British rule."
https://www.ri.gov/facts/history.php
Wikipedia says:
"It takes its name from the eponymous island, though most of its land area is on the mainland."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island
No idea what
eponymous means. Wikipedia also says the island is called "
Aquidneck Island, also known as Rhode Island"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquidneck_Island. And that the state was once known as "
the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations" Guess it got shortened to Rhode Island.
Rhode Island is the smallest US state, smaller than the county I live in.