History
Hamas was founded in 1987 at the beginning of a series of protests and riots known as 'the intifada'.
Clashes had broken out in Palestine and Israel after an IDF truck hit a civilian car, killing four Palestinian workers.
While Israel denied the crash was intentional, Palestinian groups believed the incident was coordinated, with rising tensions overspilling into violence.
Hamas was formed by members of the Muslim Brotherhood, a transnational Islamist organisation founded in Egypt some 50 years prior with designs to create a state under sharia law.
The Brotherhood's spread has resulted in many different interpretations, with some variation in beliefs and practices.
Really, its ideas gained traction with Israel's victory over an Arab coalition in the 1967 Six Day War. Hamas would emerge as a resistance movement, made distinct from the Brotherhood in its decided willingness to engage in direct conflict with Israel.
The group organised its first suicide bombing in 1993, destroying a bus in the West Bank carrying Israeli soldiers, killing the attacker and a Palestinian who worked nearby.
Hamas steadily refined its techniques and engaged in retaliatory attacks on Israel during periods of conflict. The perceived resistance gained it support from Palestinians in Gaza - though Fatah would remain more popular until the 21st century.
After boycotting the 1996 and 2005 elections, Hamas participated in the 2006 Palestinian legislative election, campaigning on a commitment to stamping out corruption.
The Israeli evacuation of Gaza gave credence to the view Hamas' resistance methods were working, and the group won 76 seats against Fatah's 43.
Since the Battle of Gaza, Hamas has made a number of reconciliation attempts with Fatah, without lasting agreement.
Hamas has relied on external support to keep up its 'resistance' against Israel. It finds a natural ally in Iran, which continues to pump funding into the group.
Proxy groups like Hamas have been a key part of Iran's ambitions to unsettle rivals and project power towards the Mediterranean.
At the end of last year, Arab News
reported that Hamas was struggling to maintain the flow of cash as sanctions cut into Iran's ability to provide aid and munitions.