That's "somewhat" similar to Bertillon's ID system before fingerprints. I learned that in a Criminal law course.Dr Joseph Bell
"Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s fictional detective with the knack for solving crimes through observation and reason was modeled after Dr. Joseph Bell, one of Conan Doyle’s medical school professors. ... A fellow Scotsman born in 1837, the charismatic Bell dazzled his students with demonstrations in which he was able to determine a patient’s occupation and other personal details just by studying his appearance and mannerisms. ... Years later, Conan Doyle wrote to Bell: “It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock Holmes and though in the stories I have the advantage of being able to place him in all sorts of dramatic positions, I do not think that his analytical work is in the least an exaggeration of some effects which I have seen you produce in the outpatient ward.”"
https://www.history.com/news/was-sherlock-holmes-based-on-a-real-person
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonse_Bertillon#cite_ref-1