Here our medical Residents. ( they ARE already doctors, not students) work obscene hours that would be illegal in other fields. And this has become a political football here too..
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_resident_work_hours
Medical resident work hours refers to the (often lengthy) shifts worked by
medical interns and residents during their
medical residency. The issue has become a
political football in the
United States, where federal regulations do not limit the number of hours that can be assigned during a graduate medical student's
medical residency. Starting in 2003, with revisions in 2011, regulations from the
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education capped the work-week at 80 hours. Shifts are capped (with limited exceptions) at a maximum of 16 consecutive hours for a first year resident and 24 in the second and third years.[SUP]
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Medical residencies traditionally require lengthy hours of trainees. The public and the medical education establishment recognize that such long hours are counter-productive, since
sleep deprivation increases rates of
medical errors and may affect learning, however the phenomenon persists in order to create a higher entry barrier and reduce costs for medical facilities.
This risk was noted in a landmark study on the effects of sleep deprivation and error rate in an intensive care unit.[SUP]
[5][/SUP] The
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has limited the number of work-hours to 80 hours weekly, overnight call frequency to no more than one in three, 30-hour maximum straight shifts, and at least 10 hours off between shifts. While these limits are voluntary, adherence has been mandated for accreditation.
The
Institute of Medicine (IOM) built upon the recommendations of the ACGME in the December 2008 report
Resident Duty Hours: Enhancing Sleep, Supervision and Safety. While keeping the ACGME's recommendations of an 80-hour work week averaged over 4 weeks, the IOM report recommends that duty hours should not exceed 16 hours per shift for interns (PGY 1). The IOM also recommended strategic napping between the hours of 10pm and 8am for shifts lasting up to 30 hours. The ACGME officially recommended strategic napping between the hours of 10pm and 8am on 30 hour shifts for residents who are post graduate year 2 and above but did not make this a requirement for program compliance. The report also suggests residents be given variable off-duty periods between shifts, based on the timing and duration of the shift, to allow residents to catch up on sleep each day and make up for chronic sleep deprivation on days off.
Critics of long residency hours trace the problem to the fact that resident physicians have no alternatives to positions that are offered, meaning residents must accept all conditions of employment, including very long work hours, and that they must also, in many cases, contend with poor supervision.[SUP]
[6][/SUP] This process, they contend, reduces the competitive pressures on hospitals, resulting in low salaries and long, unsafe work hours.