Hi Tazx,
It's nice to see you're posting about a variety of subjects these days. I don't know why the forum you were listening to couldn't find answers to the 5 questions on your list. Those are great questions. It seems strange they didn't at least offer opinions.
I Googled each question and found a variety of perspectives on each question from Christians and non-Christians alike. I'm sure you can do the same, with no need for me to take up space in the forum, then seeing a variety of posters reply, disputing the links, etc.
So......I won't venture to offer my personal opinion on your specific questions, since, as you pointed out, you're not looking for a battle, and neither am I. I don't mind telling you that when I have specific Bible questions, I sometimes use this
link.
I'm not a Catholic, so I can't answer as to how their funds are used (or not used) to help the less fortunate. I found this statement on Google A-I: "
The Vatican actively supports charitable causes and helps the poor through various initiatives. [And] The Catholic Church, with the Vatican as its headquarters, is the largest non-governmental provider of education and medical services globally."
My church has several outreach programs for the indigent, including a food pantry, and a free medical and dental clinic which is open Saturdays for those who have no insurance, and they receive free care whether or not they go to any church.